Building Communication Skills: How Language and Executive Functions Shape Learning

Did you know that the foundation for your child’s success in school starts with how they communicate? Language skills aren’t just about talking—they’re key to thinking, learning, and building social connections. Understanding how children acquire language can help parents and educators better support communication milestones. Our recent "Communication 101" workshop delved into the complexities of language and its deep connection to cognitive processes, such as executive functions.

What is Language?

Language is more than just words—it’s a system of rules and symbols used to communicate ideas and connect with others. These rules fall into five key categories: semantics (meaning of words), syntax (structure of sentences), phonology (sounds and patterns), morphology (smallest units of meaning), and pragmatics (social use of language). Each component works together to create the foundation for communication, whether it’s spoken or written.

Language and Executive Function in the Classroom

It’s important to recognize the connection between language skills and executive functions, which are cognitive processes that help children plan, organize, and regulate their thoughts and actions. For example, tasks like turn-taking in conversations or focusing on a story require strong executive function skills. If a child struggles in these areas, they may find it harder to participate in classroom discussions or group activities.

Developmental Milestones for Early Learners

As children progress through school, their language abilities grow more complex. By the end of kindergarten, most children should be able to answer simple questions, tell stories, and engage in conversations. These skills become more refined in first and second grade, with children improving their ability to answer complex or high level "who, what, when, where, and why" questions and talk about more complex ideas. By the time they reach third grade and beyond, children are expected to participate in academic discourse, summarize text, and even give simple presentations.

Why It Matters

By supporting language development and executive functions, we can set children up for success not only in the classroom but also in social interactions and future learning. Early intervention can make a significant difference in addressing any delays or difficulties, ensuring that all children have the opportunity to thrive.